Summa Theologica, Third Part - The Passion of Christ. John 19:26-27, Jesus and Mary are together again, at the beginning of his ministry in Cana and now at the end of his public ministry at the foot of the Cross. As Jesus felt that the time had come, the three Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) tell us that Jesus shouted out loudly, but they do not tell us what He shouted. The piercing of Jesus' side prefigures the Sacraments of Eucharist (blood) and Baptism (water), as well as the beginning of the Church. But is Jesus not also thinking of his Apostles and companions who have deserted him, to Peter who has denied him three times, to the fickle crowd who only days before praised him on his entrance to Jerusalem, and then days later demanded his crucifixion? Perhaps, it spoke to John of the high priest’s garment, which was also seamless. It is only John that gives us the one word in Greek. When God would see the blood, He Himself would protect the household and not permit the destroying angel to enter the house (Isaiah 31:5). 56 Bible Verses about 7 Sayings Of Jesus On The Cross. After the fourth Word, Mark related with a horrible sense of finality, "And Jesus uttered a loud cry, and breathed his last" (Mark 15:37). It also means to pay in full, as in a tax or tribute. Luke 23:43. The Roman method of crucifixion would often last for days, and they would let the bodies decompose on the cross as a warning to others. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS. They are gathered from the four Canonical Gospels. It was as if God were speaking the truth through Pilate and would not allow the sign to be changed. 28Later, knowing that everything had now been finished, and so that Scripture would be fulfilled, Jesus said, "I am thirsty." Christ spent approximately six hours on the cross, from around 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., with darkness descending on the cross around noon. Usually, the preaching is shared by seven ministers who each take one of the expressions and give a 7-minute homily about it. "Father, into your hands I commend my spirit." 5 Ignace De La Potterie. Once again, a sword pierces Mary's soul: we are reminded of the prophecy of Simeon at the Presentation of the infant Jesus in the Temple (Luke 2:35). 16Dogs surround me, a pack of villains encircles me; they pierce my hands and my feet (Psalm 22:7-8; 12-13; 16). Alba House, Staten Island, New York, 1989. So the soldiers took charge of Jesus. Luke repeatedly pleads Jesus' innocence: with Pilate (Luke 23:4, 14-15, 22), through Dismas the criminal (by legend) (Luke 23:41), and immediately after His death with the centurion - "Now when the centurion saw what had taken place, he praised God and said, "Certainly this man was innocent" (Luke 23:47). Jesus of Nazareth fulfills the Messianic prophecy of the Suffering Servant of the Lord (Isaiah 53:12, Mark 15:28, Luke 24:46). ", "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" The Seven Last Words: The Message from the Cross. His back and most of His body was a bloody mass: blood dripped from His head crowned with thorns; blood dripped from His hands and feet, and soon blood trickled from a gaping wound in His side as the soldier pierced Him with his spear (John 19:34). Josephus, the historian, recorded that more than 256,000 lambs were sacrificed for the Passover celebration in 66 A.D.[1] For that many lambs to be prepared, all the priests were busy at their work as the Lamb of God was crucified for the true Passover. Then, another agony begins. The Sixth Saying – The Word of Victory. He was in the center as if He were the worst. Mark tells us that the bitter drink was Myrrh (Mark 15:23), a mild narcotic. Let him come down now from the cross, and we will believe in him. The phrase "It is finished" carries a sense of accomplishment. They were then to take a bunch of the hyssop plant and dip it in the blood in the basin and apply it to the lintel and both sides of the door forming a cross. One of the two robbers crucified with Him joined in the scorning while the other was repentant: The life of the Lord Jesus causes a division in humanity: "Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters” (Matthew 12:30). Allowing the victim to breathe in this way would prolong death. The middle cross was usually the ringleader's place. It starts from Palm Sunday (April 14 this year) and ends in Easter Sunday (April 21 this year). Barton Cotton, Baltimore, Maryland, 1977. There on the cross, Jesus was loaded down with the sin of the world upon Him. We, also, are to take the Lamb of God into our lives (John 1:12) and partake spiritually of the life of the Lamb of God (John 6:53). The Lord was probably taken back into the Roman barracks, and a squad of four soldiers would have been assigned to crucify Him. We all have to make choices as to which one we wish to be like at our death. Matthew 27:33-34 tells us that Jesus was given sour wine (vinegar) mingled with gall, a word used for a bitter substance. The Psalm continues: "They divide my garments among them, and for my vesture they cast lots" (22:18). The above painting is meant to capture the moment. "Let's decide by lot who will get it." You might think they’re simply the normal responses of a dying man, and if you thought that, you would be wrong. Spasmodically, He was able to push Himself upward to exhale and bring in the life-giving oxygen…Hours of this limitless pain, cycles of twisting, joint-rending cramps, intermittent partial asphyxiation, searing pain as tissue is torn from His lacerated back as He moves up and down against the rough timber. It was unusual for a man to be led to the place of crucifixion, for usually a man condemned was forced through much resistance to the place of crucifixion. So that everyone who believes in him What wonderful faith this repentant sinner has in Jesus - far more than the doubting Thomas, one of his own Apostles. ... John 19:26-27 provides an explanation for what would happen to Mary, the mother of Jesus. He wanted the world to know that the debt of sin was paid. Seven Words. If you have never reached out to the God of all grace, then cry out to Him today for the same gift of God. The writer prophesied that the Messiah would be offered sour wine (vinegar) mixed with gall. To view more free studies on the book of John, click here. Luke 23:34: Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do. But is not this exactly what happens to all of us when we die? It was not so with Jesus; again, he was fulfilling Scripture: “He was led like a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before its shearers is silent, so he did not open his mouth” (Isaiah 53:7). They were playing games and unconcerned about His suffering. Detailed scholarly assessments of this material also appear frequently. Christ's purpose in coming was to die on the cross in place of guilty humanity. There is evidence for both as well as suggestions as to why the place was so named. Contributed by Ingimar Deridder on Mar 6, 2001. based on 110 ratings. 3 St. Alphonsus Liguori. Jesus told the repentant thief that he would be with Him in paradise that very day. 30When he had received the drink, Jesus said, "It is finished." The good son that He is, Jesus is concerned about looking after his mother. If you go to Jerusalem today, you will find more than one location identified as "Golgotha" or "Calvary" (which means The Place of the Skull), e.g., the Catholic Church of the Holy Sepulcher, and the Evangelical Garden Tomb or Gordon’s Calvary. They would then place a. I would remind you that salvation is bestowed to the believer as a gift, not by any works of righteousness we have done (Titus 3:5, Ephesians 2:8-9). The Scriptures, though, demanded that those hung from a tree were to be taken down by nightfall (Deuteronomy 21:22-23). Again, this was something that God had foretold through the prophet King David, i.e., one of David’s descendants would become king but would be despised and scorned by men. The Way of the Cross. In fact, each saying is pregnant with special personal and theological meaning and significance. Does he react angrily? 4 Pope John Paul II. 19Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. Jesus completely lives the human experience as we do, and by doing so, frees us from the clutches of sin. This statement was also prophesied by King David, saying, "My strength is dried up like a potsherd, and my tongue sticks to the roof of my mouth" (Psalm 22:15). Matthew 27:46 & Mark 15:34 My God, My God, why have you forsaken me? Traditionally, the brief sayings have been called "words". Christ Jesus died on the Cross to redeem mankind, to save us from our sins because of his love for us. The ninth hour was three o'clock in Judea. The early church fathers felt that Isaac's carrying the wood on which he would be sacrificed by his father, Abraham (Genesis 22:6), was symbolic of Jesus' carrying His cross. We cannot escape the cross. As if to emphasize his loneliness, Mark (15:40) even has his loved ones "looking on from afar." Jesus told the repentant thief that he would be with Him in paradise that very day. He teaches forgiveness in the Lord's prayer: "Forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us" (Matthew 6:12). The leading Roman soldier would parade a sign with the reason for crucifixion. The lambs were roasted, and all of the lamb for the household was consumed that night (Exodus 12:8-10). The inscription INRI at the top of the cross is the Latin Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum. This was granted because even at the hour of his death, the criminal had expressed his faith in Jesus, recognizing Him for who He was (Luke 23:42). Many can't understand such grace given to the penitent thief for he never had time to do any good works, nor was he baptized, but Christ said that his faith in Jesus that day was sufficient. The second word again is about forgiveness, this time directed to a sinner. “Jesus shared seven last thoughts as he died that contain a wealth of meaning we should not forget or neglect. Jesus Speaks to the Criminal on the Cross. Some hymns are also suggested in the Appendix. It was no coincidence that the death of Jesus took place during Passover. Some will see no value in the death of Christ and die in their sins; whereas, others will see the redemptive work of Christ on that day and receive it as being suffered for them. One of the ways Christians have traditionally meditated on Good Friday is by reading and reflecting on the seven last words of Jesus from the cross. This expression offers us hope for salvation, for if we turn our hearts and prayers to Him and accept his forgiveness, we will also be with Jesus Christ at the end of our lives. So it is with the words of Jesus on the cross. It is hard to suppose that a person under the sentence of death would refuse to accept a pardon, but if it is rejected, it is then not a pardon. (tetelestai) was a word used in accounting in the common Greek language of the day. God's judgment and justice had been atoned (to make amends and to reconcile). From every angle, we can see the infliction of pain. The real Jesus is just too threatening to established religious power that resists change. 16Finally Pilate handed him over to them to be crucified. 1 Navarre Revised Standard Version of the Holy Bible. Here are his Seven Words, the last seven expressions of Jesus Christ on the Cross recorded in Scripture. Why are you so far from saving me, so far from my cries of anguish? 6th Saying: "It is finished!" “They led Him away to crucify Him” (Matthew 27:31). Just as the first word, this Biblical expression is found only in the Gospel of Luke. St. Joseph was not present at family occasions like the Wedding Feast of Cana and had probably died before the public ministry of Jesus, or else he would have been the one to take care of Mary following the Passion of Our Lord. 29A jar of wine vinegar was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a stalk of the hyssop plant, and lifted it to Jesus' lips. Now, let us consider the timing of His death. Jesus is not stumbling or falling as in the Synoptic Gospels, but the way of the Cross is presented with majesty and dignity, for "Jesus went out bearing his own Cross" (John 19:17). 17Carrying his own cross, he went out to the place of the Skull (which in Aramaic is called Golgotha). Each person to be crucified would have a squad of four soldiers, a quaternion, one on either side of Him. Jesus was obedient to His Father to the end, and his final word before his death on the Cross was a prayer to His Father. The Lord was probably taken back into the Roman barracks, and a squad of four soldiers would have been assigned to crucify Him. One may meditate on the Passion of Christ by reflecting on his Seven Words on the Cross or by a devotion known as The Way of the Cross. Now if James, Joses and Judas and Simon were also natural sons of Mary, Jesus would not have been called the "son of Mary," but rather "one of the sons of Mary. 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